Tuesday, March 14, 2017

Earthwom: Coelom and coelomic fluid


The space between body wall and alimentary canal is called as coelom or body cavity.
It remains lined on both side by coelomic epithelium derived from mesoderm so it is true coelom or schizocoel. The coelom is not continuous and remains differentiated into a number of small chambers called as coelomic chambers by plate like structures called as septa. Each septum arises from inner region of inter segmental groove of body wall and extends up to wall of alimentary canal. Each septum consists of interwoven muscle fibers covered on both side by coelomic epithelium. The first septum lies between fourth and fifth segment and is thin and membranous. Next five septa are thick and muscular. These septa lie obliquely in between body wall and alimentary canal while 



other septa lie horizontally. In between 8th to 10th segment only one septum is present. Anterior nine septa are without perforations while others are perforated through which coelomic fluid passes from one chamber to another.

Coelomic fluid: The coelom remains filled with a type of fluid called as coelomic fluid which is alkaline , watery or milky  with water, protein, salts and four types of cells. 
The cells are Amoebocytes or Phagocytes or Granulocytes, Mucocytes, Circular nucleated cells and chloragogen cells. The Phagocytes engulf micro-organisms. The chloragogen cells help in excretion.



Functions of coelomic fluid:
·        It acts as hydraulic skeleton.
·        It helps in internal transport.
·        It comes out through dorsal pores and makes body surface moist.
·        It helps in plastering the burrows.
·        The Phagocytes engulf micro-organisms.

·        The chloragogen cells help in excretion.